Choose your animal carefully so you can provide the required information. (100 points)

San Francisco Zoo | Oakland Zoo | Steinhart Aquarium

a.The scientific name, the family, and the common name. (3)
b. Evolution and phylogeny. Discuss supporting evidence. (5)
c. Identify the animal’s range on the accompanying map and describe its habitat. (4)
d. Water temperature in the animal’s range, vegetation present. (5)
e. Animal's niche. Describe your fish's feeding. Is it an attacker, ambusher, picker, prober, sucker, grazer, or grubber? (10)
f. Describe the adaptive advantage of your fish's coloration. Is it an advertiser, cryptic, or does it change color? (5)
g. Is this animal endangered? Why/why not? (5)
h. Note anatomical differences between your fish and a "typical" fish. Describe in your paper how these adaptations are useful to your fish. Does your fish have a lateral line? What is the function of the lateral line? (10)
i. Quantitative analysis (for example: genetics, survivorship, population trends). (10)
j. Part of the secret of speed of fish such as marlin and mako sharks is in the high aspect ratio of the caudal (tail) fin. A fast fin is designed to minimize disturbance of the water and therefore minimize resistance. Calculate the aspect ratio of the caudal fin of your fish. How would you modify the caudal fin to make your fish faster? (6)

Your fish	Caudal fin height (h), cm	Caudal fin length (L), cm	Caudal fin width (w), cm	Aspect ratio =
Your fish
Your fish modified

k. The swimming speed (V, cm/sec) can be equated to the length (L, in cm) and frequency of the tail movement (f, in beats/sec) by the following formula:

V = ¹/₄[L(3f-4)]

               Add your fish to the data table below and calculate V for each fish. (6)

Species	f	L	V
Goby (Gobinus minutus)	12	5
Wahoo (Acanthocybium solandri)	12	183
Your fish

l. Approximately how many times its own length does a goby travel per second? A wahoo? If these ratios were constant, a 6 meter great white shark would travel in excess of 120 mph! However, the shark's large mass creates drag. This introduces the aspect of fineness ratio. The fineness ratio is the ratio of the length of the body (L) to the average of the maximum height and breadth. In designing airplanes, the optimum fineness ratio is 2.5. Determine the fineness ratio of your fish. Consider your calculations in j, k, and l—what anatomical changes would make your fish faster? (6)

	length of body (L) in cm	maximum height (h)  in cm	Maximum breadth (b) in cm	Fineness =
Your fish
Your fish modified

a. Each figure must have a legend.
b. Refer to each figure in the body of the text.
c. Figures can include (one) photograph or picture of the animal; chemical formulae; metabolic pathways; phylogenetic tree; Punnett squares; calculations; graphs. (9)

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* In text citations are noted with a number in parentheses corresponding to the number of the reference in your Literature Cited page. You will see this format in the articles you read.

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