Ecology

1. Which of the following is not a habitat for an extremophile?
a. Acid mine wash
b. The Atlantic Ocean
c. Inside rock
d. Salt-evaporating pond
e. 100 C water

2. Which of the following organisms uses sulfur as a source of energy?
a. _Thiobacillus_ oxidizes hydrogen sulfide
b. _Desulfovibrio_ reduces sulfate ion
c. _Proteus_ removes HS- from amino acids
d. Redwood tree assimilates sulfate ion into amino acids
e. None of the above

3. Which of the following equations represents anaerobic respiration?
a. Hydrogen sulfide -> sulfur
b. Nitrate ion -> nitrite ion
c. Amino acid -> hydrogen sulfide
d. Sulfate ion -> amino acid
e. None of the above

4. Bacteria can increase the Earth's temperature by:
a. Generating a great deal of heat in metabolism
b. Producing methane
c. Using the greenhouse gas, CO₂
d. Providing nutrients for plant growth
e. Oxidizing methane

5. All of the following are true about releasing untreated sewage into a river except:
a. It is a health hazard
b. It increases the BOD
c. It decreases the dissolved oxygen
d. It kills bacteria
e. None of the above

6. Nitrate ion -> nitrogen gas is:
a. Ammonification
b. Denitrification
c. Nitrification
d. Nitrogen fixation
e. None of the above

7. Nitrogen gas -> Ammonia:
a. Ammonification
b. Denitrification
c. Nitrification
d. Nitrogen fixation
e. None of the above

8. Ammonia -> Nitrite ion -> Nitrate ion:
a. Ammonification
b. Denitrification
c. Nitrification
d. Nitrogen fixation
e. None of the above

9. Amino acids (-NH2) -> Ammonia:
a. Ammonification
b. Denitrification
c. Nitrification
d. Nitrogen fixation
e. None of the above

10. _Nitrosomonas_ and _Nitrobacter_ are capable of this:
a. Ammonification
b. Denitrification
c. Nitrification
d. Nitrogen fixation
e. None of the above

11. The process is done by _Rhizobium_ and certain cyanobacteria:
a. Ammonification
b. Denitrification
c. Nitrification
d. Nitrogen fixation
e. None of the above

12. Anaerobic respiration:
a. Ammonification
b. Denitrification
c. Nitrification
d. Nitrogen fixation
e. None of the above

13. The release of phosphate-containing detergents into a river would:
a. Kill algae
b. Increase algal growth
c. Kill bacteria
d. Increase oxygen in the water
e. None of the above

14. Bacteria are found in all of the following environments except:
a. >100 C
b. In solid rock
c. In pH 1
d. In the Dead Sea
e. None of the above

15. Which one of the following does not belong with the others?
a. Beta-oxidation
b. Mercury reduction
c. Selenate reduction
d. Rubber hydrolysis
e. Block tellurite entry