The Magnitudes of
Physics
Compiled by
George Goth
Skyline College
San Bruno, California
This page is best viewed in Netscape
Navigator 4.5 or 4.7
A pdf version with the data
in aligned columns is available here.
The Magnitudes of Physics
compilation was originally made available as a ClarisWorks database
file on America Online. An updated version was included as in insert
in the December, 1996, issue of The
Physics Teacher, a publication of
the American
Association of Physics Teachers.
The table was converted to HTML by
John
C. Lahr in order to make it more
readily available to science teachers and students both in the United
States and around the world.
Entries in the table are
given in standard SI units; for example, the Hubble constant is given
in units of "/s" (that is, "per second" or s-1) rather
than in the more common units of km s-1
Mparsec-1.
Please let George
or John
know if you spot any errors or have any additions to the
table.
52 x CD-ROM drive rate of rotation 1.083 x 103 rad/s
absolute zero 0 x 100 K
abundance of aluminum in biomass 5.1 x 10-2 %
abundance of aluminum in Earth's crust 8.15 x 100 %
abundance of aluminum in seawater 1 x 10-6 %
abundance of argon in atmosphere 9.3 x 10-1 %
abundance of carbon dioxide in atmosphere 3 x 10-2 %
abundance of hydrogen in biomass 1.05 x 101 %
abundance of hydrogen in Earth's crust 1.52 x 10-1 %
abundance of hydrogen in seawater 1.08 x 101 %
abundance of iron in biomass 1.1 x 10-1 %
abundance of iron in Earth's crust 5.00 x 100 %
abundance of iron in seawater 1 x 10-6 %
abundance of nitrogen in atmosphere 7.809 x 101 %
abundance of nitrogen in biomass 3.1 x 100 %
abundance of nitrogen in Earth's crust 1.9 x 10-3 %
abundance of nitrogen in seawater 5 x 10-5 %
abundance of oxygen in seawater 8.57 x 101 %
abundance of oxygen in biomass 7.8 x 101 %
abundance of oxygen in Earth's crust 4.66 x 101 %
abundance of oxygen in atmosphere 2.095 x 101 %
abundance of phosphorous in biomass 7.1 x 10-1 %
abundance of phosphorous in Earth's crust 1.18 x 10-1 %
abundance of phosphorous in seawater 7 x 10-6 %
abundance of silicon in biomass 2.1 x 100 %
abundance of silicon in Earth's crust 2.77 x 101 %
abundance of silicon in seawater 3 x 10-4 %
acceleration at equator do to rotation of Earth 3.4 x 10-4 m/s2
acceleration do to seat ejection from jet (extreme) 1.5 x 102 m/s2
acceleration gravity on surface of Moon 1.7 x 100 m/s2
acceleration of auto crash at 60 mph into fixed barrier 1 x 103 m/s2
acceleration of gravity (0 lat) 9.78039 x 100 m/s2
acceleration of gravity (90 lat) 9.83217 x 100 m/s2
acceleration of gravity (mean) 9.8067 x 100 m/s2
acceleration of gravity on surface of Sun 2.7 x 102 m/s2
acceleration of parachute opening (extreme) 3.2 x 102 m/s2
acceleration of proton at Fermilab 9 x 1013 m/s2
acceleration of ultracentrifuge 3 x 106 m/s2
acceleration that causes "blackout" 7 x 101 m/s2
age of Earth 1.6 x 1017 s
age of most ancient fossils 8.4 x 1016 s
age of most ancient rocks 1.1 x 1017 s
age of oldest stone tool 8 x 1013 s 
age of oldest vertebrate fossil (Bolivian jawless shark)1.48 x 1016 s
age of oldest written records (Sumerian) 1.6 x 1011 s
age of Universe 3.3 x 1017 s
air intake - average man 2.64 x 10-4 m3/s
air intake - average woman 2.44 x 10-4 m3/s
aircraft engine rate of rotation 8.4 x 102 rad/s
albedo (forest) 1.5 x 10-1
albedo (sand) 2.5 x 10-1
albedo (snow) 7 x 10-1
albedo (water, average) -
dependent on surface conditions 2 x 10-1
altitude of a synchronous satellite above Earth 3.5767 x 107 m
angular momentum due to orbital motion of Earth 2.7 x 1040 J s
angular momentum due to orbital motion of electron 1.05 x 10-34 J s
angular momentum due to rotation of Earth 5.8 x 1033 J s
angular momentum of automobile wheel (55 mph) 1 x 102 J s
angular momentum of bullet from rifle 2 x 10-3 J s
angular momentum of electric fan 1 x 100 J s
angular momentum of frisbee 1 x 10-1 J s
angular momentum of helicopter rotor (320 rpm) 5 x 104 J s
angular momentum of orbital motion of all planets 3.2 x 1043 J s
angular momentum of phonograph record (33 rpm) 6 x 10-3 J s
angular momentum of toy gyroscope 1 x 10-1 J s
annual carbon monoxide production 8.5 x 109 kg
annual nitrogen oxides production 2.1 x 109 kg
annual radiation dose from cosmic rays 5 x 10-2 rem
annual sulfur oxide production 2.4 x 109 kg
annual radiation dose from medical and dental x rays 7 x 10-2 rem
annual radiation dose from natural 40K in body 2 x 10-2 rem
annual radiation dose from radioactivity of ground
and buildings 5 x 10-2 rem
Apatosaurus (AKA Brontosaurus) lives 5.14 x 1015 s ago
Archaeopteryx, possibily the earlies bird, lives 4.73 x 1015 s ago
area of continents 1.49 x 1014 m2
area of continents (% total Earth) 2.92 x 101 %
area of oceans 3.61 x 1014 m2
area of oceans (% total Earth) 7.08 x 101 %
atmospheric O2 concentration reaches present level 3.3 x 1010 s ago
atmospheric pressure at 0 km elevation 1.01 x 105 Pa
atmospheric pressure at 10 km elevation 2.80 x 104 Pa
atmospheric pressure at 100 km elevation 5.6 x 10-2 Pa
atmospheric pressure at 20 km elevation 5.6 x 103 Pa
atmospheric pressure at 50 km elevation 9.9 x 101 Pa
atomic mass unit 1.6605655 x 10-27 kg
audio CD (inner track) rate of rotation 5.236 x 102 rad/s
audio CD (outer track) rate of rotation 1.885 x 102 rad/s
automobile engine (low) rate of rotation 7.3 x 101 rad/s
automobile engine (high) rate of rotation 7.3 x 102 rad/s
Avogadro's number, N 6.02205 x 1023 /mol
base pairs per average human chromosome 1.55 x 106
blackbody temperature of Earth 2.50 x 102 K
blackbody temperature of Jupiter 1.3 x 102 K
blackbody temperature of Sun 5.75 x 103 K
Bohr magneton 9.274078 x 10-24 J/T
Bohr radius of hydrogen atom 5.2917706 x 10-11 m
boiling point of He 4.2 x 100 K
boiling point of lead 2.01 x 103 K
boiling point of nitrogen 7.7 x 101 K
boiling point of tungsten 5.93 x 103 K
boiling point of water 3.73 x 102 K
Boltzmann constant 1.380662 x 10-23 J/K
Cambrian explosion 1.72 x 1016 s ago
carbohydrate intake - average man 4.5 x 10-6 kg/s
carbohydrate intake - average woman 3.1 x 10-6 kg/s
carbon dioxide exhaled - average man 1.2 x 10-5 kg/s
carbon dioxide exhaled - average woman 1.0 x 10-5 kg/s
carbon dioxide flux into atmosphere from
decomposition of organic matter 2.2 x 106 kg/s
carbon dioxide flux into atmosphere from fossil
fuel burning 1.7 x 105 kg/s
cats and camels domesticated 1.58 x 1011 s ago
cattle domesticated 2.52 x 1011 s ago
Cenozoic era 2.2-0.0 x 1015 s ago
chicken domesticated 1.26 x 1011 s ago
charge transfer in lightning stroke 2.5 x 101 C
classical radius of electron 2.817938 x 10-15 m
coefficient of kinetic friction (waxed skis on snow,
0 deg C) 5 x 10-2
coefficient of kinetic friction (rubber on concrete) 1 x 100
coefficient of kinetic friction (steel on steel) 6 x 10-1
coefficient of kinetic friction (waxed skis on ice,
-10 deg C) 2 x 10-1
daily food intake of adult man 1.3 x 107 J
density of air at STP 1.2250140 x 100 kg/m3
density of Earth 5.519 x 103 kg/m3
density of liquid sodium (98 C) 9.29 x 102 kg/m3
density of mercury (element) 1.36 x 104 kg/m3
density of Moon 3.342 x 104 kg/m3
density of rabbits in Nevada 1 x 10-5 /m2
density of Sun 1.410 x 103 kg/m3
density of water (273 K) 9.9987 x 102 kg/m3
density of water (277.13 K) 1.00 x 103 kg/m3
depth of oceans (mean) 3.794 x 103 m
diameter of 12 gauge wire 2.053 x 10-3 m
diameter of human hair 1 x 10-4 m
diameter of human red blood cell 7.5 x 10-6 m
diameter of iron nucleus 8 x 10-15 m
diameter of Milky Way galaxy 7.6 x 1020 m
diameter of nickel coin 2.1 x 10-2 m
diameter of proton 2 x 10-15 m
diameter of smallest virus (potato spindle) 2 x 10-8 m
diameter of typical atom 1 x 10-10 m
diastolic blood pressure 1.1 x 104 Pa
dielectric constant of air 1.00054 x 100
dielectric constant of lead titanate 1.2 x 104
dielectric constant of vacuum 1 x 100
dielectric constant of water 8.0 x 101
distance to Andromeda galaxy 2.1 x 1026 m
dog domesticated 3.78 x 1011 s ago
earliest evidence of photosynthetic activity 1.1 x 1017 s ago
earliest grasses 1.70 x 1017 s ago
earliest known Homo sapiens sapiens 2.84 x 1012 s ago
earliest primates 1.58 x 1015 s ago
earliest reptiles 1.07 x 1016 s ago
earliest rodents 1.80 x 1015 s ago
Earth's rotational velocity at equator 4.651 x 102 m/s
efficiency of dry cell battery 9.1 x 101 %
efficiency of gas laser 4 x 101 %
efficiency of light bulb 3 x 100 %
efficiency of solar cell 1.2 x 101 %
electric field at orbit of 1s electron in H atom 6 x 1011 N/C
electric field at the surface of U nucleus 2 x 1021 N/C
electric field needed to ionize air 3 x 106 N/C
electric field of typical radio wave 1 x 10-1 N/C
electric field of x-ray tube 5 x 106 N/C
electron rest mass, m 9.109534 x 10-31 kg
electronic charge 1.6021 x 10-19 C
emf induced between wingtips of 747 by Earth's
magnetic field 7.5 x 10-1 V
emf of dry cell 1.5 x 100 V
energy content of beer 1.8 x 106 J/kg
energy content of coal 2.93 x 107 J/kg
energy content of gasoline 4.8 x 107 J/kg
energy content of natural gas (at STP) 3.9 x 107 J/m3
energy equivalent of 1 kg mass 8.987 x 1016 J
energy from combustion of 1 gal gasoline 1.3 x 108 J
energy from explosion of supernova 1 x 1044 J
energy from explosion of TNT 4.6 x 106 J/kg
energy from fission of U-235 8.2 x 1013 J/kg
energy from metabolization of apple 4.6 x 105 J
energy from magnitude 6.7 earthquake
(1994 Northridge, CA) 7.08 x 1014 J
energy from magnitude 7.0 earthquake
(1979, Loma Prieta, CA) 2.00 x 1015 J
energy from magnitude 9.2 earthquake
(1964, Alaska) 3.98 x 1018 J
energy from magnitude 9.5 earthquake
(largest ever recorded, 1960 Chile) 1.23 x 1019 J
energy in all fossil fuels on Earth 2.0 x 1023 J
energy of 1 megaton nuclear weapon 4.2 x 1015 J
energy of fission of one U-235 nucleus 3.2 x 10-11 J
energy of Hiroshima size A bomb 2.1 x 1014 J
energy of ionization of electron from H 2.2 x 10-18 J
energy of ligthning flash 1 x 109 J
energy of one push up 3 x 102 J
energy release in annihilation of matter 9.0 x 1016 J/kg
energy stored in nuclear fuel in reactor 1 x 1016 J
energy stored in nuclear fuel in Sun 1 x 1045 J
energy stored in typical flashlight battery 7 x 103 J
equilibrium constant of bicarbonate ion 4.7 x 10-11
equilibrium constant of carbonic acid 4.5 x 10-7
equilibrium constant of hydrochloric acid 1 x 103
equilibrium constant of nitric acid 1 x 101
equilibrium constant of water 1 x 10-14
escape velocity from Earth 1.1179 x 104 m/s
estimated energy stock of petroleum 1 x 1022 J
estimated energy stock of coal 2.5 x 1023 J
estimated energy stock of deuterium and
lithium for fusion 1 x 1031 J
estimated energy stock of natural gas 1 x 1022 J
estimated energy stock of oil shale 2 x 1024 J
estimated energy stock of uranium and
thorium for breeders 1 x 1026 J
eukaryotes begin to dominate 4.4 x 1016 s ago
Euler's number, e 2.71828182 x 100
Faraday's constant, F 9.6487 x 104 C/mol e
fat intake - average man 1.4 x 10-6 kg/s
fat intake - average woman 9.3 x 10-7 kg/s
fine structure constant 7.2973506 x 10-3
flowering plants originate 3.94 x 1015 s ago
food energy intake - average man 1.35 x 102 J/s
food energy intake - average woman 1.06 x 102 J/s
force of automobile braking 1 x 104 N
force of jet engines of 747 7.7 x 105 N
force of proton on electron in H atom 8 x 10-8 N
force of thrust Saturn V engines 3.3 x 107 N
force needed by walking person to overcome air friction 3 x 10-1 N
Formula One racing car engine (high) rate of rotation 2 x 103 rad/s
freezing point of water 2.73 x 102 K
frequency of middle C 2.56 x 102 Hz
galaxies in universe (Hubble, 1998) 5 x 1010
goats and sheep domesticated 2.83 x 1011 s ago
goldfish domesticated 3.26 x 1010 s ago
gravitational constant, G 6.6720 x 10-11 m3/s2 kg
gravitational force of Earth on a man 7.3 x 102 N
gravitational force of Earth on Moon 2.0 x 1020 N
gravitational force of Earth on nickel (coin) 5.1 x 102N
gravitational force of Sun on Earth 3.5 x 1022 N
gravitational potential energy of 747 at 30,000 ft 2 x 1010 J
greatest magnetic field (maximum produced in lab) 1 x 103 T
guinea pig domesticated 9.46 x 1010 s ago
half life of caffeine in adult human 1.3 x 104 s
half life of caffeine in adult pregnant woman 6.5 x 104 s
half life of free neutron 9.2 x 102 s
half life of positive pi meson 2.67 x 10-8 s
height of man (average) 1.8 x 100 m
horse domesticated 1.89 x 1011 s ago
heat of fusion of mercury 1.1 x 104 J/kg
heat of fusion of water 3.29 x 105 J/kg
heat of vaporization of mercury 2.88 x 105 J/kg
heat of vaporization of water 2.285 x 106 J/kg
heat output of man (average) 1 x 102 J/s
high end of hearing range of young adult 2 x 104 Hz
highest pressure achieved in laboratory 5 x 1011 Pa
highest temperature achieved in laboratory 6 x 107 K
highway speed limit velocity 2.5 x 101 m/s
Hubble constant 2.4 x 10-18 /s
Holocene epoch begins 3.16 x 1011 s ago
Homo erectus lives 5.05 x 1013 s ago
Homo habilis, earliest member of species Homo, lives 5.83 x 1013 s ago
human body temperature 3.10 x 102 K
hydrogen atom mass 1.68 x 10-27 kg
ideal gas constant, R 8.3143 x 100 J/K mole
inclination of Earth's axis to orbit 2.345 x 101 degrees
index of refraction of heavey flint glass 1.66 x 100
index of refraction of water 1.33 x 100
iron atom mass 9.5 x 10-26 kg
Josephson frequency to voltage ratio 4.835939 x 1014 Hz/V
kinetic energy of Earth revolving around the Sun 2.6 x 1033 J
kinetic energy of Earth rotating about its axis 2.1 x 1024 J
kinetic energy of falling rain drop 4 x 10-3 J
kinetic energy of highest energy cosmic ray 5.0 x 101 J
kinetic energy of Krakatoa volcano 6 x 1018 J
kinetic energy of large locomotive 5 x 105 J
kinetic energy of rifle bullet 4 x 104 J
kinetic energy of running man 4 x 103 J
kinetic energy of walking man 6.0 x 101 J
length of HMS Queen Elizabeth 3.1 x 102 m
lifetime of average human intestinal cell
(from lecture by Paul Silverman) 2.59 x 105 s
ln 2 6.9314718 x 10-1
ln 10 2.30258509 x 100
long playing record rate of rotation 3.46 x 100 rad/s
low end of hearing range of young adult 3.5 x 101 Hz
lowest temperature achieved in laboratory 5 x 10-4 K
Lucy, an Australopithecus afarensis, lives 1.01 x 1014 s ago
magnetic field of typical AM radio wave 1 x 10-9 T
magnetic field produced by human body 3 x 10-10 T
magnetic moment of electron 9.284832 x 10-24 J/T
magentic field of Earth (average) 5 x 10-5 T
magnetic field at nucleus 1 x 1012 T
magnetic field of large electromagnet 2 x 100 T
magnetic field of typical ceramic magnet 2 x 10-2 T
magnetic flux quantum 2.0678506 x 10-15 Wb
mass - average man 7 x 101 kg
mass - average woman 5.8 x 101 kg
mass of Earth 5.9742 x 1024 kg
mass of HMS Queen Elizabeth 7.6 x 107 kg
mass of junk mail delivered in US 4.4 x 101 kg/s
mass of living matter on Earth 3.6 x 1014 kg
mass of Milky Way 4 x 1041 kg
mass of Moon 7.354 x 1022 kg
mass of pion 2.50 x 10-28 kg
mass of proton 1.6726485 x 10-27 kg
mass of rain drop 2 x 10-6 kg
mass of red blood cell 9 x 10-14 kg
mass of smallest virus 9.5 x 10-21 kg
mass of Sun 1.99 x 1030 kg
mass of Universe 1 x 1053 kg
mass of W boson 1.4 x 10-25 kg
mass of Z boson 1.7 x 10-25 kg
mass of 747 (empty) 1.6 x 105 kg
mass of typical automobile 1.5 x 103 kg
maximum upward force exerted by forearm in
isometric exercise 2.7 x 102 N
mean temperature at surface of Earth 2.87 x 102 K
melting point of iron 1.8 x 103 K
melting point of lead 6 x 102 K
melting point of nitrogen 6.3 x 101 K
melting point of tungsten 3.68 x 103 K
melting point of water 2.73 x 102 K
Mesozoic era 7.1-2.2 x 1015 s ago
molar volume of gas at STP 2.241383 x 10-2 m3
muon magnetic moment 4.490474 x 10-26 J/T
neutrino flux at surface of earth 6 x 1014 /m2 s
neutron rest mass 1.6749543 x 10-27 kg
number of bacteria in a site of periodontal gum disease 1 x 1010
number of cobblers in USA 1.4 x 104
number of households in USA (1980) 7 x 107
number of human chromosomes 2.3 x 101
number of nucleons in Universe 1 x 1080
old phonograph record rate of rotation 8.17 x 100 rad/s
orbital radius of Earth 1.49457 x 1011 m
orbital radius of Mercury 5.795 x 1010 m
orbital radius of Moon 3.84403 x 108 m
orbital radius of Pluto 5.909 x 1012 m
overpressure on eardrum due to jet engine 2 m away 2 x 101 Pa
overpressure in car tire 2 x 105 Pa
Paleozoic era 1.8-0.7 x 1016 s ago
percent all energy in US used by automobiles 1.3 x 101 %
percent all energy in US used by trucks 5 x 100 %
percent all energy in US used for residential
space heating 1.1 x 101 %
percent all energy in US used for residential
air conditioning 1 x 100 %
percent all energy in US used in manufacture of
metals 9 x 100 %
period of AM radio wave 1 x 10-5 s
period of average heartbeat 9 x 10-1 s
period of Halley's Comet 2.4 x 109 s
period of middle C 3.8 x 10-3 s
period of revolution of Earth 3.1558150 x 107 s
period of revolution of Moon 2.36055 x 106 s
period of rotation of Earth 8.616406 x 104 s
period of rotation of Moon 2.36055 x 106 s
period of rotation of Sun 2.125 x 106 s
permeability of vacuum 1.25663706 x 10-6 H/m
Permian extinction 7.89 x 1015 s ago
permittivity of vacuum 8.85418781 x 10-12 F/m
pH of acid rain 4 x 100
pH of pure water 7 x 100
photons emitted by a 100 watt light bulb 1 x 1020 /s
pi 3.14159265 x 100
pig domesticated 3.21 x 1011 s ago
plants invade land 1.33 x 1016 s ago
Planck's constant, h 6.6256 x 10-34 J s
population of USA (1650) 2.3 x 106 people
population of USA (1850) 7.6 x 107 people
population of USA (1900) 9.2 x 107 people
population of USA (1950) 1.52 x 108 people
population of USA (1983) 2.34 x 108 people
population of world (1650) 5 x 108 people
population of world (1850) 1.1 x 109 people
population of world (1900) 1.6 x 109 people
population of world (1950) 2.5 x 109 people
population of world (1983) 4.7 x 109 people
power consumption of coal in USA 4.8 x 1011 J/s
power consumption of coal in world 2.9 x 1012 J/s
power consumption of natural gas in USA 6.3 x 1011 J/s
power consumption of natural gas in world 1.9 x 1012 J/s
power consumption of petroleum in USA 1.3 x 1012 J/s
power consumption of petroleum in world 4.3 x 1012 J/s
power consumption of U-235 in world 2.0 x 1011 J/s
power consumption of world (1980) 8.7 x 1011 J/s
power of 747 jet engine 2.1 x 108 J/s
power of athlete at maximum 2 x 102 J/s
power of bumblebee in flight 2 x 10-2 J/s
power of car engine 1.5 x 105 J/s
power of hurricane 2 x 1013 J/s
power of large power plant 1 x 109 J/s
power of large radio transmitter 1 x 105 J/s
power of large tugboat 1 x 106 J/s
power of lightbulb 1 x 102 J/s
power of sunlight striking Earth 1.7 x 1017 J/s
power of toaster 1 x 103 J/s
power of typical atom radiating light 1 x 10-10 J/s
power produced by U-235 fission in USA 9.8 x 1010 J/s
power radiated by Sun into space 3.7 x 1026 J/s
pressure at bottom of ocean 6 x 107 Pa
pressure at center of Earth 4 x 1011 Pa
pressure at core of neutron star 1 x 1038 Pa
pressure at sealevel 1.01 x 105 Pa
protein intake - average man 1.1 x 10-6 kg/s
protein intake - average woman 7.6 x 10-7 kg/s
quantum of circulation 3.6369455 x 10-4 J s/kg
rabbit domesticated 6.31 x 1010 s ago
radiation dose causing 100% fatalities within
2 days 5 x 103 rem
radiation dose causing 100% fatalities within
2 weeks 1 x 103 rem
radiation dose from dental x ray 2 x 10-2 rem
radiation dose from mammography x ray 2.5 x 10-1 rem
radius of asteroid that killed off the dinosaurs 4 x 103 m
radius of Earth 6.371 x 106 m
radius of Moon 1.7383 x 106 m
radius of Sun 6.95950 x 108 m
radius of Universe 1 x 1028 m
rate of supernovae in the Universe 1 x 100 /s
rate spent fuel rods produced by nuclear reactors
in United States 6 x 10-2 kg/s
recession velocity of fastest quasar 2.7 x 108 m/s
residence time of freons in atmosphere 3.15 x 109 s
resistivity of epoxy 1 x 1013 ohm m
resistivity of glass 1 x 1010 ohm m
resistivity of nichrome 1.00 x 10-6 ohm m
resistivity of silicon 2.6 x 101 ohm m
resistivity of silver 1.6 x 10-6 ohm m
reverberation time of St. Louis Powell Hall 2.2 x 100 s
Rydberg constant 1.09737317 x 107 /m
Schwarzchild radius of Sun 3 x 103 m
SCSI hard drive rate of rotation 2.6 x 103 rad/s
sound intensity causing rupture of ear drum 1.6 x 102 dB
sound intensity for threshold of hearing 4 x 100 dB
sound intensity for threshold of pain 1.2 x 102 dB
sound intensity of heavy street traffic 7 x 101 dB
sound intensity of jet engine at 30 m 1.3 x 102 dB
sound intensity of normal breathing 1 x 101 dB
sound intensity of normal conversation 6 x 101 dB
sound intensity of rock music 1.15 x 102 dB
sound intensity of subway train (NYC) 1.0 x 102 dB
sound intensity of thunder (close) 1.10 x 102 dB
sound intensity of whisper 2 x 101 dB
specific heat of aluminum 8.85 x 102 J/kg K
specific heat of marble 8.7 x 102 J/kg K
specific heat of water 4.134 x 103 J/kg K
spent fuel rods from nuclear reactors (US) 3 x 107 kg
spin of electron or proton 5.3 x 10-35 J s
stars in a typical galaxy 1 x 1011
strong force on proton in nucleus 1 x 104 N
sulfur flux into atmosphere from burning
of fossil fuels 2.7 x 103 kg/s
sulfur flux into atmosphere from natural sources 4.8 x 103 kg/s
surface area - average man 1.8 x 100 m2
surface area - average woman 1.6 x 100 m2
systolic blood pressure 1.6 x 104 Pa
temperature at center of Earth 4 x 103 K
temperature at center of H bomb 1 x 108 K
temperature at center of Sun 1.5 x 107 K
temperature at surface of Sun 4.5 x 103 K
temperature inside hottest star 1 x 109 K
temperature of acetylene torch 2.9 x 103 K
temperature of outer space 2.726 x 100 K
thermal coefficient of expansion for aluminum 2.4 x 10-5 /K
thermal coefficient of expansion of mercury 1.8 x 10-4 /K
thermal conductivity of aluminum 2 x 102 J/s m K
thermal conductivity of down 4.6 x 10-3 J/s m K
thermal conductivity of ice 1.2 x 100 J/s m K
thermal conductivity of lead 3.5 x 101 J/s m K
thermal conductivity of porcelain 2.5 x 10-1 J/s m K
thermal conductivity of silver 4.0 x 102 J/s m K
thermal conductivity of styrofoam 2 x 10-3 J/s m K
thermal conductivity of water (273 K) 5.63 x 10-1 J/s m K
thermal conductivity of water (373 K) 6.83 x 100 J/s m K
Thomson cross section 6.652448 x 10-27 m2
time between hits by asteriods of r=> 4000 m on Earth 3 x 1015 s
total body water - average man 6.0 x 101 %
total body water - average woman 5.0 x 101 %
travel time for light from Moon 1.3 x 100 s
travel time for light from nearest star 1.4 x 108 s
travel time for light from Sun 5 x 102 s
turkey domesticated 4.71 x 1010 s ago
ultracentrifuge rate of rotation 9.4 x 103 rad/s
velocity of brisk walk 1.3 x 100 m/s
velocity of cheetah 2.8 x 101 m/s
velocity of Concorde SST 7.1 x 102 m/s
velocity of continental drift 1 x 10-9 m/s
velocity of Earth around Sun 3.0 x 103 m/s
velocity of electron around H atom 2.2 x 108 m/s
velocity (average) of elevator in skyscraper 9 x 100 m/s
velocity of fast baseball (Nolan Ryan, 1974) 4.51 x 101 m/s
velocity of glacier 1 x 10-6 m/s
velocity of hair growth 3 x 10-9 m/s
velocity of light in vacuum, c 2.99792458 x 108 m/s
velocity of nerve signal 4.9 x 101 m/s
velocity of random motion of air molecules 4.5 x 102 m/s
velocity of rifle bullet 7 x 102 m/s
velocity of snail 1 x 10-3 m/s
velocity of sound in air at 0 C, 1 atm 3.3145 x 102 m/s
velocity of winner of 100 m dash 1.2 x 101 m/s
verterbrates, inverterbrates diverge 1.89 x 1016 s ago
viscosity of air (STP) 1.72 x 10-7 Ns/m2
viscosity of water (273 K) 1.79 x 10-3 Ns/m2
viscosity of water (373 K) 2.8 x 10-4 Ns/m2
water intake - average man 3.5 x 10-5 kg/s
water intake - average woman 2.1 x 10-5 kg/s
water used for agriculture in USA 6.5 x 103 m3/s
water used for agriculture in world 6.7 x 104 m3/s
water used for domestic purposes in USA 1.3 x 103 m3/s
water used for domestic purposes in world 7.0 x 103 m3/s
wavelength of AM radio wave 3 x 103 m
wavelength of blue hydrogen line 4.342 x 10-7 m
wavelength of green hydrogen line 4.863 x 10-7 m
wavelength of higher of sodium D lines 5.898 x 10-7 m
wavelength of lower of sodium D lines 5.892 x 10-7 m
wavelength of purple light 4 x 10-7 m
wavelength of red hydrogen line 6.565 x 10-7 m
wavelength of red light 7 x 10-7 m
wavelength of tsunami 2 x 105 m
year 3.1556926 x 107 s
last updated August 8, 2001
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