Materials for Exam #2
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1) Can muscles push the bone?
2) Motor neurons stimulate muscle contraction.
3) Know the major muscle groups.
4) What is the difference between fast and slow muscle
fibers?
5) The sliding filament theory is used to describe how a
muscle contracts. Can you tell me how
this works?
6) Describe a disease that effects muscle tissue.
Chapters 7 and 8: Blood and the circulatory system
1.
List
the components of Blood and their proportions.
2.
What
are the tasks that plasma proteins perform?
3.
Describe
the Red and White Blood Cells. Can you
describe their f unction?
4.
How is
Oxygen transported in blood? (Serum,
hemoglobin)
5.
What
are the factors that affect Oxygen binding in tissues and in the lungs?
6.
Describe
the life of a Red Blood Cell from its creation to when it is destroyed. Where doe these occur?
7.
Describe
the rout of circulation: heart>> arteries>> arterioles>>
capillaries>> venules>> veins>> heart
8.
List
the structure of the Heart, do they carries oxegenated or deoxegenated blood?
9.
What is
the relationship between Blood Pressure and Velocity in the Cardiovascular
System
10.
Know
this: The Normal systolic pressure is
120mm of Hg: normal diastolic pressure is 80 mm.
11.
Know
all the parts of a heartbeat.
12.
How
Vessel structure Affects Blood Pressure?
How do arteries and veins differ?
13.
Describe
the Exchange of fluid and solutes in the capillaries.
14.
Know
the Blood typing ABO Blood typing Rh blood typing
15.
Describe
the Cardiovascular Disorders we listed in class.
16.
How
and why does the lymphatic system returns excess fluid (lymph) to the
bloodstream?
1. List the bodies Three Lines of Defense
and know how they work.
2.
Why do we
have Inflammation What are the roles of
Macrophages and their like
3.
The
Immune system: Define how specificity
and memory occur?
4.
Antibody-Mediated
Responses B cells (plasma cells) how do antibodies and antigens interact?
5.
Describe
Abnormal or Deficient Immune Responses:
Allergies, Aids, and rheumatoid arthritis.
6.
You are
exposed to an organism that can cause a disease and it is also resistant to
antibiotics. Describe the process of
your infection and how your body would eventually overcome the bacterial
infection.
7.
Differentiate
between nonspecific and specific immunity.
8.
How
does immunization work? How come you
feel like you have the flue when you get a flue vaccination. Do you really get a case of the flue?
1.
Overview
of the Respiratory system : airways to the Lungs Air moves via this
route: nasal cavities>>> nasopharynx>>>
pharynx>>>larynx>>>vocal cords (space between is
glottis)>>> trachea???bronchi??? bronchioles??? respiratory
bronchioles??? Alveoli. Be able to recognize
these structures on a figure.
2.
Where
is the site of Gas Exchange in the
Lungs
3.
What
factors influence gas exchange : transport Pigments, temperature pH.
4.
Ventilation. Describe the process of taking a breath.
5.
How
does the body control ventilation and gas exchange.
6.
Describe
respiration in unusual environments:
Decompression sickness Hypoxia
7.
Can
you die form holding your breath?
Explain the neural mechanisms that are operating here.
Chapter 11: The Nervous system
1.
Define
and be able to use the following: Neurons, Action Potentials, Chemical synapses, Memory
2.
Know
the divisions of the Nervous System: The central nervous system (CNS) is
composed of the brain and spinal cord: The peripheral nervous system
(PNS) includes all the nerves that carry signals to and from the brain and
spinal cord.
3.
States
of consciousness:
Central nervous system governs sleeping, dozing daydreaming and full alertness:
Neurons of the reticular activating system control the changing levels
of consciousness by releasing serotonin
4.
Describe
the effects of drugs on the Central Nervous System:
5.
What is
the result of demyelination of axons?
An example is multiple sclerosis?
6. Why does drinking large amounts of coffee or other caffeine-containing beverages tend to make a person “nervous” or “jittery”?
1.
Sensory
Systems: Describe
the three component parts of a typical sensory system.
5.
Somatic
Sensations: Somatic sensations start in the receptor endings of surface
tissues, skeletal muscles, and walls of internal organs: they then travel up
the spinal cord to the somatosensory cortex of the brain to be interpreted.
6. Balance: The sense of balance depends on the organs
of equilibrium named the…
Ch 13:
The endocrine system
1)
The
Endocrine System: Hormones and other signaling molecules
2)
A
target cell’s response to a hormone is dependent on two factors:
3)
Describe
the action of a Steroid hormone.
4)
Describe
the action of a Non steroid hormone.
5)
Describe
how the hypothalamus and pituitary gland work jointly as the neural endocrine
control center.
6)
Name 5
Examples of Abnormal Pituitary Output
7)
How
does Diabetes occurs and how is sugar concentration regulated in the body.
8)
How can
Oxytocin be used to induce labor? How
does it work?
1) Can you follow a quarter as it is swallowed by a
child? List in order the portions of
the GI tract that it passes. What are
the normal functions of those portions?
2) What are the functions of the GI tract, you should
find 6 of them.
3) Can you describe the tissues present in a cross
section of a piece of intestine?
4) Describe the difference between absorption and
digestion
5) What are some things that prevent absorption?
6) Your well balanced diet should consist of complex
carbohydrates 65%, fats and lipids 30% and proteins 15%,
What are the consequences of
under nutrition? Can this be bad for
you? Is it worse in children?
Preview of Materials for the Final Exam (50% Ch 20-22 and 50%
comprehensive review)
19: Observable patterns of inheritance
Update 09/02 by Nick Kapp for comments or questions please contact
Nick Kapp@smccd.net